Glasses

The glass gives both sides a smooth face as it spreads along the bath and floats on the tin. As the glass passes over the molten tin, it cools and gradually hardens, emerging in a continuous ribbon from the tin bath. After that, the glass is annealed by cooling inside a lehr oven. The product’s parallel surfaces are almost flawless at the end. On the side it contacted, a very tiny bit of tin is embedded in the glass. It is simpler to create a mirror on the tin side. The transition from plate to float glass was accelerated by this “feature”. Additionally, the glass’s tin side is softer and more easily scratched. Standard metric thicknesses for glass production are 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8,10,12,15,19 and 22 mm.

LAMINATED GLASS

It is a sandwich consisting of two or more glasses and one piece of plastic Poly Vinyl Butyral. The PVB adheres to the glass, creating both mechanical and chemical bonding. In the event that the pane breaks, the layer laminated with annealed glass preserves the pane’s geometric integrity. Because it blocks over 99% of the UV radiation found in sunshine, it also provides acoustic insulation and protection against UV-related damage. Most standards consider laminated glass to be safety glass. When there is a chance of a human collision or where broken glass could fall, laminated glass is typically employed.

Laminated Glass Safety: Ordinary window glass is brittle, breaking into long sharp pieces which can cause serious injuries. The principal feature of Laminated safety glass is that the interlayer absorbs the energy impact and hence resists penetration. Although the glass may break, the glass fragments remain firmly bonded to the interlayer, minimizing the risk of injuries.
Laminated Glass Security: Burglars often try to break windows to get inside the house or a building and here the laminated glass plays an important role in resisting their intrusion. Even if the glass breaks the interlayer continues to safeguard the building until the glass is replaced.
Sound Reduction with Laminated Glass: Noise gains easiest entry to homes and buildings through windows and doors. Laminated glass proves an excellent barrier to noise, it has better Sound Transmission Loss as compared to glass of similar thickness in the frequency of 125 Hz to 4000 Hz.
Laminated Glass Solar Energy Control: While natural light is important for us too much sunlight can also mean too much heat gain inside the building. Laminated glass when used in combination with reflective glass, tinted glass or low e glass provides excellent reduction in the Solar Gains as well as reduction of sound transmission through the window.
Laminated Glass UV Control: The major cause of deterioration and fading of furnishings and pictures is the chemical reaction caused by short-wavelength UV radiation. UV absorbing additives in the interlayer in laminated glass can screen out almost all these damaging rays.
Protection from weather and natural disasters: If broken, laminated glass remains in its frame, preventing interior damage while reducing flying glass protects people both indoors and outdoors.
Laminated Glass Durability: Laminated glass is durable, it maintains its color and its strength for a very long time.
Low visual distortion: Laminated Glass is usually glazed in an annealed form, avoiding the distortion caused by roller waves in the tempered and heat strengthened glass. So the facades having laminated glass have sharp reflected images and fewer distortions.

TOUGHENED GLASS

A type of safety glass with greater strength that typically breaks into small, square pieces is called tempered glass. When strength, heat resistance, and safety are crucial factors, it is utilized. Toughened glass is probably present in your shower and sliding glass patio doors at home. It is utilized in unframed assemblies, including as frameless doors, structurally demanding applications, and any glass where a human impact could occur in commercial buildings. The strength of toughened glass is usually four to six times that of annealed glass.

Impacts to the center of the glass pane can also cause fracture, even though edge damage is the most common way that toughened glass breaks. Normal annealed glass is converted to temper glass via a thermal tempering method, which involves heating the glass to a softening point and quickly cooling it. The strength of the glass comes from this. Compared to an annealed glass of equivalent thickness, a fully tempered glass has four to five times the strength. Completely tempered glass is considered a safety glass because it breaks into little, blunt pieces, significantly lowering the possibility of injuries—if any—being superficial in nature.

Strength : Fully tempered glass is generally 4 to 5 times stronger than annealed glass and twice as strong as heat strengthened glass of similar thickness, size and type. For a fully tempered glass the minimum surface compression is 10000 psi and for a heat strengthened glass is 4000-7000 psi for 6 mm glass.
Safety : When broken by impact, fully tempered glass immediately disintegrates into relatively small pieces thereby greatly reducing the likelihood of serious cutting or piercing injuries in comparison with ordinary annealed glass.
Edge Strength : The fully tempered glass has a high edge strength as compared to normal annealed glass. This gives freedom to designers to use the tempered glass in spider glazing and point fixed glazing.
Thermal Breakage : When direct sunlight falls on a pane of glass then the glass surface tends to heat up. This heating is not uniform in nature. The central part that is exposed gets more sunlight and heats up faster while the edges are relatively cooler. This creates temperature difference inside the same pane of glass and when it crosses a certain limit there is a chance of thermal breakage. But a fully tempered glass has significantly higher edge strength to withstand chances of thermal breakage.

A fully tempered glass is used in most modern glass facade, where glass strength is required. A fully tempered glass is recommended for windows that are on high floors or skylights where people are required to stand on top for cleaning. Also areas where risk of thermal breakage or impact breakage is high, fully tempered glass should be used so as to avoid risk of injury. Glass strength is also required in point fixed glazing, bolted and patch fittings.

TINTED GLASS

While it also slightly lessens apparent light transmission, ordinary tinted glass is popular because it lowers heat gain and carbon emissions.While having a visual transmittance closer to clear glass, High Performance, Low-e, or spectrally selective tinted glass lowers solar heat gain to below that of regular bronze or gray tint. The tint significantly reduces solar gain, which can lessen the demand for air conditioning in the summer, but has minimal effect on the U-factor. Tinted glass helps reduce glare, particularly on windows that face east or northeast. Bring back the light, not the glare, into your house!

Features and Benefits of Tinted Glass:

Reduction in glare
Privacy during daylight
Designer appearance
Lower external reflectance
Solar control
Increase in property value

Tinted glass can reduce UV transmittance and visible light, so when strategically placed, it will reduce the transfer of heat and improve comfort. In fact, tinted glass can reduce the solar heat transmission by 30-50% when compared to ordinary clear float glass, especially if used in an insulated glass unit for double glazed windows and doors. The solar energy is attracted to the darker shade of glass and is absorbed while the air draws this heat away from the building and its users. Also, it can be an alternative to Low-e glass in double glazed units, when glass colour is important.